Banner Advertise

Tuesday, April 27, 2010

[chottala.com] Major Muslim contributions in science



 

Major Muslim contributions
 
 
This is a partial list of some of the leading Muslims. Major Muslim contributions continued beyond the fifteenth century. Contributions of more than one hundred other major Muslim personalities can be found in several famous publications by Western historians.   Biographies are available in the Islamic Civilization E-book.
Jabir Ibn Haiyan  (Geber)
Chemistry (Father of Chemistry)
Died 803 C.E.
Al-Asmai
Zoology, Botany, Animal Husbandry.
740 - 828
Al-Khwarizmi (Algorizm)
Mathematics, Astronomy, Geography. (Algorithm, Algebra, calculus)
770 - 840
'Amr ibn Bahr Al-Jahiz
Zoology, Arabic Grammar, Rhetoric, Lexicography
776 - 868
Ibn Ishaq Al-Kindi (Alkindus)
Philosophy, Physics, Optics, Medicine, Mathematics, Metallurgy.
800 - 873
Thabit Ibn Qurrah (Thebit)
Astronomy, Mechanics, Geometry, Anatomy.
836 - 901
'Abbas Ibn Firnas
Mechanics of Flight, Planetarium, Artificial Crystals.
Died 888
Ali Ibn Rabban Al-Tabari
Medicine, Mathematics, Caligraphy, Literature.
838 - 870
Al-Battani (Albategnius)
Astronomy, mathematics, Trigonometry.
858 - 929
Al-Farghani (Al-Fraganus)
Astronomy, Civil Engineering.
C. 860
Al-Razi (Rhazes)
Medicine, Ophthalmology, Smallpox, Chemistry, Astronomy.
864 - 930
Al-Farabi (Al-Pharabius)
Sociology, Logic, Philosophy, Political Science, Music.
870 - 950
Abul Hasan Ali Al-Masu'di
Geography, History.
Died 957
Al-Sufi (Azophi)
Astronomy
903 - 986
Abu Al-Qasim Al-Zahravi (Albucasis)
Surgery, Medicine. (Father of Modern Surgery)
936 - 1013
Muhammad Al-Buzjani
Mathematics, Astronomy, Geometry, Trigonometry.
940 - 997
Ibn Al-Haitham (Alhazen)
Physics, Optics, Mathematics.
965 - 1040
Al-Mawardi (Alboacen)
Political Science, Sociology, Jurisprudence, Ethics.
972 - 1058
Abu Raihan Al-Biruni
Astronomy, Mathematics. (Determined Earth's Circumference)
973-1048
Ibn Sina (Avicenna)
Medicine, Philosophy, Mathematics, Astronomy.
981 - 1037
Al-Zarqali (Arzachel)
Astronomy (Invented Astrolabe).
1028 - 1087
Omar Al-Khayyam
Mathematics, Poetry.
1044 - 1123
Al-Ghazali (Algazel)
Sociology, Theology, Philosophy.
1058 - 1111
Fall of Muslim Toledo (1085), Corsica and Malta (1090), Provence (1050), Sicily (1091) and Jerusalem (1099). Several Crusades. First wave of devastation of Muslim resources, lives, properties, institutions, and infrastructure over a period of one hundred years. Refer to Muslim History.       Translators of Scientific Knowledge in the Middle Ages
Abu Bakr Muhammad Ibn Yahya (Ibn Bajjah)
Philosophy, Medicine, Mathematics, Astronomy, Poetry, Music.
1106 - 1138
Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar)
Surgery, Medicine.
1091 - 1161
Al-Idrisi (Dreses)
Geography (World Map, First Globe).
1099 - 1166
Ibn Tufayl, Abdubacer
Philosophy, Medicine, Poetry.
1110 - 1185
Ibn Rushd (Averroes)
Philosophy, Law, Medicine, Astronomy, Theology.
1128 - 1198
Al-Bitruji (Alpetragius)
Astronomy
Died 1204
Second wave of devastation of Muslim resources, lives, properties, institutions, and infrastructure over a period of one hundred and twelve years. Crusader invasions (1217-1291) and Mongol invasions (1219-1329). Crusaders active throughout the Mediterranean from Jerusalem and west to Muslim Spain. Fall of Muslim Cordoba (1236), Valencia (1238) and Seville (1248). Mongols devastation from the eastern most Muslim frontier, Central and Western Asia, India, Persia to Arab heartland. Fall of Baghdad (1258) and the end of Abbasid Caliphate. Two million Muslims massacred in Baghdad. Major scientific institutions, laboratories, and infrastructure destroyed in leading Muslim centers of civilization. Refer to "A Chronology of Muslim History Parts III, IV."
Pharmacy, Botany
Died 1248
Nasir Al-Din Al-Tusi
Astronomy, Non-Euclidean Geometry.
1201 - 1274
Jalal Al-Din Rumi
Sociology
1207 - 1273
Ibn Al-Nafis Damishqui
Anatomy
1213 - 1288
Al-Fida (Abdulfeda)
Astronomy, Geography, Histrory.
1273 - 1331
Muhammad Ibn Abdullah (Ibn Battuta)
World Traveler. 75,000 mile voyage from Morocco to China and back.
1304 - 1369
Ibn Khaldun
Sociology, Philosophy of History, Political Science.
1332 - 1395
Ulugh Beg
Astronomy
1393 - 1449
Third wave of devastation of Muslim resources, lives, properties, institutions, and infrastructure. End of Muslim rule in Spain (1492). More than one million volumes of Muslim works on science, arts, philosophy and culture was burnt in the public square of Vivarrambla in Granada. Colonization began in Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Refer to "A Chronology of Muslim History Parts IV, V (e.g., 1455, 1494, 1500, 1510, 1524, and 1538)"
Two hundred years before a comparable development elsewhere, Turkish scientist Hazarfen Ahmet Celebi took off from Galata tower and flew over the Bosphorus. Logari Hasan Celebi, another member of the Celebi family, sent the first manned rocket, using 150 okka (about 300 pounds) of gunpowder as the firing fuel.
Tipu, Sultan of Mysore [1783-1799] in the south of India, was the innovator of the world's first war rocket. Two of his rockets, captured by the British at Srirangapatana, are displayed in the Woolwich Museum Artillery in London. The rocket motor casing was made of steel with multiple nozzles. The rocket, 50mm in diameter and 250mm long, had a range performance of 900 meters to 1.5 km.

 
The dates in the table are converted from the Islamic calendar (A.H.) which begins with Hejira, the migration of Prophet Muhammad (s) from Makkah to Medinah. The calendar is based on lunar monthly cycles. 1 A.H. = 622 C.E.
 




__._,_.___


[* Moderator's Note - CHOTTALA is a non-profit, non-religious, non-political and non-discriminatory organization.

* Disclaimer: Any posting to the CHOTTALA are the opinion of the author. Authors of the messages to the CHOTTALA are responsible for the accuracy of their information and the conformance of their material with applicable copyright and other laws. Many people will read your post, and it will be archived for a very long time. The act of posting to the CHOTTALA indicates the subscriber's agreement to accept the adjudications of the moderator]




Your email settings: Individual Email|Traditional
Change settings via the Web (Yahoo! ID required)
Change settings via email: Switch delivery to Daily Digest | Switch to Fully Featured
Visit Your Group | Yahoo! Groups Terms of Use | Unsubscribe

__,_._,___

Re: [chottala.com] [notun_bangladesh] Legality of International Tribunal act 1973



 
For doing lawful trial against any corruption works for humanity & human right
Lawful honest truth is needed in speaking & writing.

Bangladesh Independent Day is on 26 March not on 25 March that in 1971 on 26 March Independent of Bangladesh is declared by Major Zia at Chittagong Cantonment not from Dhaka. For this reason Impendent day of Bangladesh is 26 March.

 
--- On Tue, 20/4/10, Syed Aslam <Syed.Aslam3@gmail.com> wrote:

From: Syed Aslam <Syed.Aslam3@gmail.com>
Subject: [chottala.com] [notun_bangladesh] Legality of International Tribunal act 1973
To: "notun Bangladesh" <notun_bangladesh@yahoogroups.com>, "Khobor" <khabor@yahoogroups.com>, "Sonar Bangladesh" <SonarBangladesh@yahoogroups.com>, history_islam@yahoogroups.com, chottala@yahoogroups.com
Received: Tuesday, 20 April, 2010, 12:13 PM

 
 
 
By the same token, the formation of armed Gestapo wing
Al-Bador Bahini during the occupation regime in 1971 by
Jamaate Islami was totally illegal, .... The Bangladesh became
independent on 25th March 1971. Any collaboration with the
foreign occupation army of Pakistan  was an act of treason
after 25th of March 1971. Jamaat's crimes thus include:
Crime against humanity, Crime against Bangladesh, aiding and
abetting genocide and greatest mass-rapes in the history ....
 
The Al-bodor vis-a-vis Islami Chattro Sangho's hands were so
much tainted with blood that when it re-surface in late
seventee's it changed it's name to Shibir .......

Ali Ahsan Mohamed Mujaheed,
the Al-bodor Chief ....
 
 Present leader of the terrorists
Matiur Rahman Nizami  the
main organizer of Al-bodor Bahini.
 
 
Related articles:
বিচার শুরুর আগেই আসামি বলছে, 'আমি কলা খাইনি'
যুদ্ধাপরাধীর বিচার
 
 
 
Mon April 5, 2010 - 1:41am BdST
 
  A perfect crime?
'পত্রিকার কাটিং বা ছবি দালিলিক সাক্ষ্য' -বিচারপতি গোলাম রব্বানী
 
যুদ্ধাপরাধ : বিশেষ ট্রাইব্যুনাল - প্লিজ, কথা বলবেন না...

Link: http://www.shaptahi k.com/v2/ ?DetailsId= 3375

---------- Forwarded message ----------
From: Abdul Mannan Azad <mannanazad@yahoo. com>
Date: Apr 19, 2010 1:01 PM
Subject: [notun_bangladesh] Legality of International Tribunal act 1973
To: Dahuk Yahoogroups <dahuk@yahoogroups. com>, Notun-Bangladesh YahooGroups <notun_bangladesh@ yahoogroups. com>, History Islam <history_islam@ yahoogroups. com>
Cc: sonarbangla Yahoogroups <shonar-bangla@ yahoogroups. com>

 

 

__._,_.___


[* Moderator�s Note - CHOTTALA is a non-profit, non-religious, non-political and non-discriminatory organization.

* Disclaimer: Any posting to the CHOTTALA are the opinion of the author. Authors of the messages to the CHOTTALA are responsible for the accuracy of their information and the conformance of their material with applicable copyright and other laws. Many people will read your post, and it will be archived for a very long time. The act of posting to the CHOTTALA indicates the subscriber's agreement to accept the adjudications of the moderator]




Your email settings: Individual Email|Traditional
Change settings via the Web (Yahoo! ID required)
Change settings via email: Switch delivery to Daily Digest | Switch to Fully Featured
Visit Your Group | Yahoo! Groups Terms of Use | Unsubscribe

__,_._,___

[chottala.com] Stop BCL's 'criminal activities'



Latest News Trial against 675 mutineers adjourned till Nov 1
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
Front Page

Stop BCL's 'criminal activities'

15 RU teachers urge govt

Fifteen teachers of Rajshahi University expressed deep concern over the "criminal activities" of Bangladesh Chhatra League at the educational institutions and urged the government to take immediate steps in this regard.

Referring to the recent call of five other noted educationists who have urged Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina to cut all relations with BCL, the RU teachers said the call has been made in time.

In a joint statement issued yesterday the teachers said, expressing words like "concern, apprehension and despair" is not enough to describe the reality of the educational institutions. The anarchic situation, which prevails at the institutions, is also being infiltrated into the state activities like an incurable disease, it added.

They termed this situation destructive to the state and society.

The signatories are Hasan Azizul Haque, Sanat Kumar Saha, Zulfikar Matin, Mokhlesur Rahman, Shah Newaj Ali, Moloy Bhowmik, Abdul Mazid, Mahbubur Rahman, Jalal Uddin, Chhitta Ranjan Misra, SM Abu Bakar, Ananda Kumar Saha, Sujit Sarker, Shamsuddin Illias and Hasibul Alam Prodhan.

Pointing out the PM's remark that all achievements of the nation would not go in vein for BCL, it said the government must take stern actions against the criminal activities of other organisations.

They demanded elections of students' unions immediately to create atmosphere of student politics at the educational institutions.

Talking to The Daily Star in the afternoon, eminent littérateur Hasan Azizul Haque said, "We [signatories] are not against student politics."

Achievements of student politics in the past will never be ignored in the history but the wrongdoings in the name of student politics cannot be accepted, he said.

Referring to the role of student politics in building the nation, he demanded restoration of healthy culture in student politics.

 



__._,_.___


[* Moderator's Note - CHOTTALA is a non-profit, non-religious, non-political and non-discriminatory organization.

* Disclaimer: Any posting to the CHOTTALA are the opinion of the author. Authors of the messages to the CHOTTALA are responsible for the accuracy of their information and the conformance of their material with applicable copyright and other laws. Many people will read your post, and it will be archived for a very long time. The act of posting to the CHOTTALA indicates the subscriber's agreement to accept the adjudications of the moderator]




Your email settings: Individual Email|Traditional
Change settings via the Web (Yahoo! ID required)
Change settings via email: Switch delivery to Daily Digest | Switch to Fully Featured
Visit Your Group | Yahoo! Groups Terms of Use | Unsubscribe

__,_._,___